Genocide at the Security Council 1946–2024

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Nothing here yet. Add an occurrence from the concordance or the reader, and it will keep the sentence, the speaker and the record it came from.

Words in context

Examine the phrases around genocide, the words commonly used nearby and the terms found in the same speech. Compare periods and speakers, then follow a word to its passages to assess how it was used.

A collocate is a word found near a selected term. Keyness measures how much more frequent a word is in one set of speeches than in a comparison set. These measures identify passages to investigate; they do not determine a speaker's position. Guide to the table measures.

What the word is doing

What construction is the word in when it is said, and does that differ by period or by speaker?

Computed from the record
7,747 occurrences of genocide, ±90 characters read round each
0%5%10%15%20%25%30%share of the word's occurrencesNo pattern matched: 24.54% of all occurrences (1,901); 23.24% in 2019-2026 [21.54%, 25.03%], 522 occurrencesNo pattern matchedListed with atrocities: 19.39% of all occurrences (1,502); 16.25% in 2019-2026 [14.78%, 17.83%], 365 occurrencesListed with atrocitiesPerpetration: 8.45% of all occurrences (655); 6.32% in 2019-2026 [5.39%, 7.41%], 142 occurrencesPerpetrationNamed event: 7.16% of all occurrences (555); 5.03% in 2019-2026 [4.20%, 6.01%], 113 occurrencesNamed eventPrevention: 5.29% of all occurrences (410); 6.06% in 2019-2026 [5.14%, 7.12%], 136 occurrencesPreventionActs or cases: 4.18% of all occurrences (324); 1.87% in 2019-2026 [1.39%, 2.52%], 42 occurrencesActs or casesCrime of genocide: 3.92% of all occurrences (304); 3.92% in 2019-2026 [3.19%, 4.80%], 88 occurrencesCrime of genocideLegal text: 3.83% of all occurrences (297); 6.86% in 2019-2026 [5.88%, 7.98%], 154 occurrencesLegal textMemory and victims: 3.68% of all occurrences (285); 3.87% in 2019-2026 [3.15%, 4.75%], 87 occurrencesMemory and victimsDenial or ideology: 3.61% of all occurrences (280); 8.33% in 2019-2026 [7.25%, 9.54%], 187 occurrencesDenial or ideologyApplying the label: 3.47% of all occurrences (269); 3.70% in 2019-2026 [2.99%, 4.56%], 83 occurrencesApplying the labelAccountability: 2.80% of all occurrences (217); 3.61% in 2019-2026 [2.91%, 4.46%], 81 occurrencesAccountabilityOffice or mandate: 2.56% of all occurrences (198); 2.67% in 2019-2026 [2.08%, 3.42%], 60 occurrencesOffice or mandateTargeted group: 2.16% of all occurrences (167); 2.80% in 2019-2026 [2.20%, 3.57%], 63 occurrencesTargeted groupRisk or threat: 2.04% of all occurrences (158); 2.23% in 2019-2026 [1.69%, 2.92%], 50 occurrencesRisk or threatQualified wording: 1.28% of all occurrences (99); 1.42% in 2019-2026 [1.01%, 2.00%], 32 occurrencesQualified wordingEvent occurring: 0.99% of all occurrences (77); 1.16% in 2019-2026 [0.79%, 1.69%], 26 occurrencesEvent occurringIntent or definition: 0.63% of all occurrences (49); 0.67% in 2019-2026 [0.41%, 1.10%], 15 occurrencesIntent or definition

Furthest from the corpus profile here: Denial or ideology 8.33% against 3.61%, Listed with atrocities 16.25% against 19.39%, Legal text 6.86% against 3.83%.

Phrase patterns, explanations and examples
Phrase patternAssigned occurrencesPattern matchesHow to interpret itExample
No pattern matched1,9010No phrase pattern matched this occurrence. It remains in the total used to calculate shares.—
Listed with atrocities1,5021,853Places genocide near terms such as war crimes or crimes against humanity. This may be a list of categories or a statement about a case.war crimes, crimes against humanity and genocide
Perpetration655990Uses wording about committing genocide, responsibility or a policy of genocide. The passage may make, report or dispute an accusation.bring those responsible for the genocide to justice
Named event5551,130Links genocide to a place, year or event. Naming a case does not establish agreement among participants.the actions of the United Nations during the 1994 genocide in Rwanda
Prevention410859Mentions preventing genocide or protecting people from it. This can concern a general duty or a specific situation.our obligation to prevent genocide
Acts or cases324350Uses phrases such as acts of genocide or cases of genocide. Whether this qualifies the claim depends on the surrounding argument.is an act of genocide
Crime of genocide304529Names genocide as a crime. The phrase alone does not establish a court ruling.the indictment now includes the crime of genocide
Legal text297297Mentions genocide near a treaty, statute or article. This may be a legal citation; it does not by itself allege an event.the Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide
Memory and victims285301Refers to anniversaries, remembrance, victims or survivors. The category follows wording and does not establish the purpose of the whole speech.the twentieth anniversary of the Rwandan genocide
Denial or ideology280291Mentions denial, ideology, revisionism or glorification near genocide. It can capture discussion of denial as well as a denial itself.the denial of genocide in the situations under the jurisdiction of the Mechanism
Applying the label269275Uses wording such as constitutes genocide or is genocide. The pattern can also capture negation, so it does not establish endorsement.ISIS crimes against Yazidis constitute genocide
Accountability217401Mentions prosecution, conviction, fugitives or impunity near genocide. Check the passage for the stage and outcome of any legal process.Sending genocide convicts to serve out the remainder of their sentences
Office or mandate198198Names an office or mandate concerned with genocide, such as the Special Adviser on its prevention.his Special Adviser on the Prevention of Genocide
Targeted group167382Uses wording such as genocide against a group. The pattern identifies phrasing, not the truth or endorsement of the claim.Given the nature of the genocide against the Tutsi in Rwanda
Risk or threat158205Uses wording about a risk, threat or warning sign of genocide, including possible recurrence.the danger of renewed genocide in the region
Qualified wording99101Uses wording such as alleged or so-called, or quotation marks. Read the sentence to distinguish attribution, caution and rejection.he asked himself whether the term "genocide" might be applicable
Event occurring77103Uses phrases such as genocide occurred or there is genocide. Negation and attribution still require reading the sentence.unfortunately that genocide occurred in Rwanda
Intent or definition4966Mentions genocidal intent or the definition of genocide. Read the passage to determine whether it discusses a specific case or an abstract criterion.the factors allowing the inference of genocidal intent
View word forms: nouns and adjectives
FormOccurrencesShareSpellings in the corpus
noun7,13892.14%genocide, genocides, genocidaires, genocidaire
adjective6097.86%genocidal, genocidally
Source

17_frames.py → frames/frames.json

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The words that sit near a term

Which words appear near this term far more often than chance would put them there?

Computed from the record
7,747 occurrences, 76,280 words in window
View the leading collocates as a table
WordNearG²Log ratiologDiceSpeeches / meetingsSpread (DP)
humanity1,1269,485+7.6311.231,015 / 4530.77
crimes2,66819,217+6.6911.101,530 / 6010.66
cleansing3823,522+8.2710.36345 / 2120.91
srebrenica2712,526+8.359.95195 / 920.92
rwanda5903,609+5.879.93421 / 2330.78
ethnic4162,518+5.829.69375 / 2340.90
tutsi1742,055+10.719.47112 / 840.91
punishment2181,580+6.729.44204 / 1280.89
rwandan1951,588+7.419.43160 / 980.91
war1,2335,517+4.639.261,093 / 5140.75
crime4572,256+4.989.24376 / 2510.82
denial1731,140+6.229.07123 / 500.92
prevention3221,263+4.218.56271 / 1450.89
adviser115713+5.938.56105 / 690.96
perpetrated129607+4.808.33124 / 1150.95
atrocities135604+4.638.29125 / 1000.94
responsible256916+3.948.28197 / 1380.92
twentieth88565+6.108.2878 / 390.95
committed3931,271+3.678.22331 / 2440.84
perpetrators152578+4.118.12135 / 1010.92
anniversary109478+4.568.0998 / 550.94
ideology72418+5.637.9656 / 490.95
acts288823+3.377.89258 / 2140.90
committing74378+5.107.8871 / 660.97
prosecution78363+4.767.8569 / 550.97
victims198552+3.317.73165 / 1020.89
populations106359+3.797.71102 / 570.98
mass110349+3.627.64101 / 800.95
glorification47402+7.727.5845 / 220.98
commit77277+3.967.5569 / 650.97
Source

05_lexical.py → lexical/collocates.json

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The profile of a term

Which words mark this term's neighbourhood, and does the profile hold for one speaker or one decade?

Computed from the record
nothing is drawn for a set of fewer than 20 speeches
0+1.00+2.00+3.00+4.00+5.00+6.00+7.00+8.00+9.00+10.00log ratiospreadhumanity: 1,541 near genocide, log ratio +7.52, logDice 11.68, 1,352 speeches / 513 meetings, DP 0.71humanitycrimes: 3,429 near genocide, log ratio +6.43, logDice 11.46, 1,617 speeches / 631 meetings, DP 0.65crimescleansing: 436 near genocide, log ratio +7.86, logDice 10.55, 390 speeches / 229 meetings, DP 0.90cleansingrwanda: 792 near genocide, log ratio +5.66, logDice 10.35, 513 speeches / 265 meetings, DP 0.75rwandasrebrenica: 297 near genocide, log ratio +7.86, logDice 10.09, 210 speeches / 96 meetings, DP 0.91srebrenicaethnic: 486 near genocide, log ratio +5.40, logDice 9.91, 433 speeches / 257 meetings, DP 0.88ethnicwar: 1,683 near genocide, log ratio +4.43, logDice 9.71, 1,451 speeches / 602 meetings, DP 0.68warrwandan: 219 near genocide, log ratio +6.94, logDice 9.60, 175 speeches / 105 meetings, DP 0.90rwandantutsi: 184 near genocide, log ratio +10.26, logDice 9.55, 114 speeches / 85 meetings, DP 0.91tutsipunishment: 223 near genocide, log ratio +6.10, logDice 9.47, 208 speeches / 131 meetings, DP 0.89punishmentcrime: 509 near genocide, log ratio +4.48, logDice 9.40, 398 speeches / 262 meetings, DP 0.82crimeadviser: 202 near genocide, log ratio +6.14, logDice 9.37, 170 speeches / 88 meetings, DP 0.94adviserprevention: 538 near genocide, log ratio +4.30, logDice 9.30, 445 speeches / 243 meetings, DP 0.82preventiondenial: 190 near genocide, log ratio +5.71, logDice 9.20, 131 speeches / 55 meetings, DP 0.92denialresponsible: 306 near genocide, log ratio +3.54, logDice 8.54, 244 speeches / 170 meetings, DP 0.91responsibleperpetrators: 202 near genocide, log ratio +3.87, logDice 8.53, 183 speeches / 127 meetings, DP 0.91perpetratorsatrocities: 157 near genocide, log ratio +4.19, logDice 8.51, 143 speeches / 112 meetings, DP 0.93atrocitiescommitted: 480 near genocide, log ratio +3.30, logDice 8.51, 403 speeches / 276 meetings, DP 0.82committedperpetrated: 145 near genocide, log ratio +4.32, logDice 8.50, 140 speeches / 129 meetings, DP 0.94perpetratedcriminals: 112 near genocide, log ratio +5.07, logDice 8.48, 103 speeches / 49 meetings, DP 0.96criminalstwentieth: 96 near genocide, log ratio +5.57, logDice 8.40, 85 speeches / 44 meetings, DP 0.95twentiethglorification: 76 near genocide, log ratio +7.93, logDice 8.27, 71 speeches / 27 meetings, DP 0.97glorificationprosecution: 103 near genocide, log ratio +4.51, logDice 8.25, 92 speeches / 69 meetings, DP 0.96prosecutionanniversary: 117 near genocide, log ratio +4.00, logDice 8.19, 106 speeches / 61 meetings, DP 0.94anniversarycommitting: 90 near genocide, log ratio +4.74, logDice 8.17, 86 speeches / 81 meetings, DP 0.97committingvictims: 254 near genocide, log ratio +3.02, logDice 8.09, 205 speeches / 125 meetings, DP 0.88victimsacts: 328 near genocide, log ratio +2.90, logDice 8.08, 286 speeches / 236 meetings, DP 0.89actsideology: 76 near genocide, log ratio +5.05, logDice 8.04, 60 speeches / 52 meetings, DP 0.95ideologyviolations: 301 near genocide, log ratio +2.86, logDice 8.03, 236 speeches / 168 meetings, DP 0.93violationsprotect: 222 near genocide, log ratio +3.00, logDice 8.02, 211 speeches / 112 meetings, DP 0.93protectimpunity: 163 near genocide, log ratio +3.06, logDice 7.92, 158 speeches / 117 meetings, DP 0.95impunitymass: 130 near genocide, log ratio +3.20, logDice 7.88, 116 speeches / 93 meetings, DP 0.95masspopulations: 115 near genocide, log ratio +3.25, logDice 7.83, 111 speeches / 64 meetings, DP 0.97populationsprosecute: 64 near genocide, log ratio +4.72, logDice 7.78, 63 speeches / 56 meetings, DP 0.97prosecutecommit: 90 near genocide, log ratio +3.53, logDice 7.78, 82 speeches / 72 meetings, DP 0.96commitcommemoration: 54 near genocide, log ratio +6.66, logDice 7.76, 48 speeches / 27 meetings, DP 0.96commemorationfdlr: 55 near genocide, log ratio +5.87, logDice 7.73, 25 speeches / 22 meetings, DP 0.98fdlrconvicted: 55 near genocide, log ratio +5.43, logDice 7.69, 51 speeches / 35 meetings, DP 0.97convictedaccused: 71 near genocide, log ratio +3.82, logDice 7.67, 65 speeches / 57 meetings, DP 0.98accusedsurvivors: 68 near genocide, log ratio +3.96, logDice 7.67, 54 speeches / 47 meetings, DP 0.95survivors

40 words drawn, out of 100 held for the whole corpus: 0 fall below the minimum frequency and 60 beyond the number asked for. The table holds the same words, in the same order.

View the same words as a table
WordNearG²Log ratiologDiceSpeeches / meetingsSpread (DP)
humanity1,54112,637+7.5211.681,352 / 5130.71
crimes3,42923,386+6.4311.461,617 / 6310.65
cleansing4363,754+7.8610.55390 / 2290.90
rwanda7924,605+5.6610.35513 / 2650.75
srebrenica2972,560+7.8610.09210 / 960.91
ethnic4862,659+5.409.91433 / 2570.88
war1,6837,074+4.439.711,451 / 6020.68
rwandan2191,639+6.949.60175 / 1050.90
tutsi1842,037+10.269.55114 / 850.91
punishment2231,425+6.109.47208 / 1310.89
crime5092,173+4.489.40398 / 2620.82
adviser2021,303+6.149.37170 / 880.94
prevention5382,174+4.309.30445 / 2430.82
denial1901,117+5.719.20131 / 550.92
responsible306938+3.548.54244 / 1700.91
perpetrators202704+3.878.53183 / 1270.91
atrocities157612+4.198.51143 / 1120.93
committed4801,329+3.308.51403 / 2760.82
perpetrated145589+4.328.50140 / 1290.94
criminals112566+5.078.48103 / 490.96
twentieth96547+5.578.4085 / 440.95
glorification76661+7.938.2771 / 270.97
prosecution103444+4.518.2592 / 690.96
anniversary117427+4.008.19106 / 610.94
committing90415+4.748.1786 / 810.97
victims254614+3.028.09205 / 1250.88
acts328748+2.908.08286 / 2360.89
ideology76382+5.058.0460 / 520.95
violations301674+2.868.03236 / 1680.93
protect222533+3.008.02211 / 1120.93
impunity163403+3.067.92158 / 1170.95
mass130344+3.207.88116 / 930.95
populations115311+3.257.83111 / 640.97
prosecute64293+4.727.7863 / 560.97
commit90274+3.537.7882 / 720.96
commemoration54385+6.667.7648 / 270.96
fdlr55335+5.877.7325 / 220.98
convicted55303+5.437.6951 / 350.97
accused71243+3.827.6765 / 570.98
survivors68245+3.967.6754 / 470.95
Source

05_lexical.py → lexical/collocates.json

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The same word in two mouths

Do different speakers, groups or decades use it to do different work?

Computed from the record
Align
nothing is drawn for a set of fewer than 20 speeches

Rwanda 196 speeches · 1,026 occurrences

  1. tutsi +12.22
  2. fdlr +8.65
  3. rwanda +7.11
  4. convicts +10.70
  5. ideology +7.20
  6. masterminds +10.74
  7. post-genocide +14.46
  8. tutsis +10.37
  9. mocratiques +8.24
  10. fugitives +6.94
  11. rwandan +7.03
  12. suspects +7.08
  13. denial +6.61
  14. ex-far +9.68
  15. lib +7.59
  16. interahamwe +8.62
  17. rwanda’s +7.79
  18. twentieth +6.64

United States 0 speeches · 0 occurrences

0 speeches, fewer than the 20 required before a list is drawn. Nothing is shown for this side.

View both profiles as a table
ProfileWordNearG²Log ratiologDiceSpeeches / meetingsSpread (DP)
Rwandatutsi1341,911+12.2211.7073 / 720.54
Rwandafdlr49486+8.659.8321 / 200.87
Rwandarwanda2902,274+7.119.50133 / 1300.29
Rwandaconvicts24302+10.709.449 / 90.87
Rwandaideology44351+7.209.0334 / 340.72
Rwandamasterminds17214+10.748.9915 / 150.82
Rwandapost-genocide16256+14.468.9715 / 150.90
Rwandatutsis16195+10.378.8812 / 120.89
Rwandamocratiques20187+8.248.8520 / 200.89
Rwandafugitives39297+6.948.8123 / 230.75
Rwandarwandan34263+7.038.7927 / 270.75
Rwandasuspects30234+7.088.7421 / 210.80
Rwandadenial48344+6.618.6823 / 230.73
Rwandaex-far14158+9.688.668 / 70.95
Rwandalib20170+7.598.6520 / 200.88
Rwandainterahamwe15148+8.628.6110 / 100.95
Rwandarwanda’s16140+7.798.5014 / 140.89
Rwandatwentieth27194+6.648.4221 / 210.82
Source

05_lexical.py → lexical/collocates_sliced.json

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Compared with a like-for-like speech

Which words are more frequent in speeches mentioning genocide than in the selected comparison set?

Computed from the record
3,950 of 4,133 speeches found a partner (95.57%)
#WordIn these speechesG²Log ratioSpeeches / meetingsSpread (DP)
1genocide6,4526,149+12.943,705 / 1,4390.38
2genocidal583556+9.48407 / 3360.87
3genocides7269+6.4665 / 530.99
4asad5048+5.938 / 51.00
5ex-far7966+5.5920 / 160.99
6gacaca3634+5.4616 / 161.00
7bentiu3331+5.3316 / 31.00
8nderitu3230+5.2928 / 101.00
9bor3130+5.2414 / 21.00
10yankee2928+5.1512 / 110.99
11punta2827+5.102 / 20.99
12cong2726+5.042 / 21.00
13rolandis2726+5.042 / 21.00
14carriles2625+4.996 / 61.00
15posada2625+4.996 / 61.00
16este2524+4.931 / 11.00
17imbert2423+4.877 / 51.00
18escudos2322+4.816 / 50.99
19sandinistas4434+4.753 / 31.00
20javanese2221+4.752 / 21.00
21kyprianou2120+4.688 / 80.99
22fdd2019+4.614 / 41.00
23castro3930+4.5712 / 120.99
24denktag1918+4.543 / 31.00
25augmentation3627+4.468 / 80.98
26alwar1817+4.464 / 40.99
27pretty1817+4.4616 / 160.99
28tatars1817+4.469 / 81.00
29ayios1716+4.384 / 31.00
30canz1716+4.382 / 21.00
Source

05_lexical.py → lexical/keyness.json

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Which terms travel together

Does this vocabulary hold together in groups, or is it just a list?

Computed from the record
a pair is shaded where at least 20 speeches use both terms
genocidegenocideatrocityatrocitywar crimeswar crimescrimes against humanitycrimes against humanityethnic cleansingethnic cleansingmass atrocitymass atrocityexterminationexterminationaggressionaggressiongenocide conventiongenocide conventionintent to destroyintent to destroyearly warningearly warningresponsibility to protectresponsibility to protectprevention of genocideprevention of genocideincitementincitementnever againnever againholocaustholocaustcommemorationcommemorationsurvivorssurvivorsdenialdenialglorificationglorificationgenocidal ideologygenocidal ideologyethnic violenceethnic violenceimpunityimpunityicciccicjicjtribunalstribunalsmassacremassacremass killingmass killinggenocide: 4,133 speechesgenocide & atrocity: nPMI 0.44, 1,126 speeches use bothgenocide & war crimes: nPMI 0.57, 1,648 speeches use bothgenocide & crimes against humanity: nPMI 0.62, 1,618 speeches use bothgenocide & ethnic cleansing: nPMI 0.51, 582 speeches use bothgenocide & mass atrocity: nPMI 0.45, 283 speeches use bothgenocide & extermination: nPMI 0.39, 200 speeches use bothgenocide & aggression: nPMI 0.32, 75 speeches use bothgenocide & genocide convention: not drawn (nested)xgenocide & intent to destroy: not drawn (`intent_to_destroy` is anchored: it is counted only in a sentence that also matches `genocide`)xgenocide & early warning: nPMI 0.22, 170 speeches use bothgenocide & responsibility to protect: nPMI 0.38, 346 speeches use bothgenocide & prevention of genocide: not drawn (nested)xgenocide & incitement: not drawn (`incitement` is anchored: it is counted only in a sentence that also matches `genocide`)xgenocide & never again: nPMI 0.32, 101 speeches use bothgenocide & holocaust: nPMI 0.36, 117 speeches use bothgenocide & commemoration: not drawn (`commemoration` is anchored: it is counted only in a sentence that also matches `genocide`)xgenocide & survivors: not drawn (`survivors` is anchored: it is counted only in a sentence that also matches `genocide`)xgenocide & denial: not drawn (`denial` is anchored: it is counted only in a sentence that also matches `genocide`)xgenocide & glorification: not drawn (`glorification` is anchored: it is counted only in a sentence that also matches `genocide`)xgenocide & genocidal ideology: not drawn (nested)xgenocide & ethnic violence: not drawn (`ethnic_violence` is anchored: it is counted only in a sentence that also matches `genocide`)xgenocide & impunity: nPMI 0.38, 1,501 speeches use bothgenocide & icc: nPMI 0.39, 910 speeches use bothgenocide & icj: nPMI 0.27, 389 speeches use bothgenocide & tribunals: nPMI 0.47, 831 speeches use bothgenocide & massacre: nPMI 0.40, 639 speeches use bothgenocide & mass killing: nPMI 0.30, 57 speeches use bothatrocity & genocide: nPMI 0.44, 1,126 speeches use bothatrocity: 5,156 speechesatrocity & war crimes: nPMI 0.42, 1,200 speeches use bothatrocity & crimes against humanity: nPMI 0.42, 973 speeches use bothatrocity & ethnic cleansing: nPMI 0.36, 352 speeches use bothatrocity & mass atrocity: not drawn (nested)xatrocity & extermination: nPMI 0.28, 129 speeches use bothatrocity & aggression: nPMI 0.26, 59 speeches use bothatrocity & genocide convention: nPMI 0.32, 80 speeches use bothatrocity & intent to destroy: fewer than 20 speeches use bothatrocity & early warning: nPMI 0.19, 173 speeches use bothatrocity & responsibility to protect: nPMI 0.34, 348 speeches use bothatrocity & prevention of genocide: nPMI 0.37, 111 speeches use bothatrocity & incitement: nPMI 0.27, 22 speeches use bothatrocity & never again: nPMI 0.27, 88 speeches use bothatrocity & holocaust: nPMI 0.28, 88 speeches use bothatrocity & commemoration: nPMI 0.35, 90 speeches use bothatrocity & survivors: nPMI 0.26, 22 speeches use bothatrocity & denial: nPMI 0.30, 69 speeches use bothatrocity & glorification: nPMI 0.25, 27 speeches use bothatrocity & genocidal ideology: fewer than 20 speeches use bothatrocity & ethnic violence: fewer than 20 speeches use bothatrocity & impunity: nPMI 0.38, 1,790 speeches use bothatrocity & icc: nPMI 0.41, 1,144 speeches use bothatrocity & icj: nPMI 0.20, 326 speeches use bothatrocity & tribunals: nPMI 0.31, 499 speeches use bothatrocity & massacre: nPMI 0.36, 638 speeches use bothatrocity & mass killing: nPMI 0.33, 80 speeches use bothwar crimes & genocide: nPMI 0.57, 1,648 speeches use bothwar crimes & atrocity: nPMI 0.42, 1,200 speeches use bothwar crimes: 4,820 speecheswar crimes & crimes against humanity: nPMI 0.74, 2,447 speeches use bothwar crimes & ethnic cleansing: nPMI 0.42, 452 speeches use bothwar crimes & mass atrocity: nPMI 0.36, 209 speeches use bothwar crimes & extermination: nPMI 0.19, 71 speeches use bothwar crimes & aggression: nPMI 0.38, 115 speeches use bothwar crimes & genocide convention: nPMI 0.32, 76 speeches use bothwar crimes & intent to destroy: fewer than 20 speeches use bothwar crimes & early warning: nPMI 0.14, 118 speeches use bothwar crimes & responsibility to protect: nPMI 0.35, 341 speeches use bothwar crimes & prevention of genocide: nPMI 0.30, 71 speeches use bothwar crimes & incitement: nPMI 0.29, 24 speeches use bothwar crimes & never again: nPMI 0.24, 68 speeches use bothwar crimes & holocaust: nPMI 0.22, 60 speeches use bothwar crimes & commemoration: nPMI 0.33, 75 speeches use bothwar crimes & survivors: nPMI 0.28, 23 speeches use bothwar crimes & denial: nPMI 0.34, 84 speeches use bothwar crimes & glorification: nPMI 0.33, 43 speeches use bothwar crimes & genocidal ideology: fewer than 20 speeches use bothwar crimes & ethnic violence: fewer than 20 speeches use bothwar crimes & impunity: nPMI 0.45, 2,125 speeches use bothwar crimes & icc: nPMI 0.52, 1,587 speeches use bothwar crimes & icj: nPMI 0.22, 350 speeches use bothwar crimes & tribunals: nPMI 0.45, 842 speeches use bothwar crimes & massacre: nPMI 0.25, 371 speeches use bothwar crimes & mass killing: nPMI 0.27, 53 speeches use bothcrimes against humanity & genocide: nPMI 0.62, 1,618 speeches use bothcrimes against humanity & atrocity: nPMI 0.42, 973 speeches use bothcrimes against humanity & war crimes: nPMI 0.74, 2,447 speeches use bothcrimes against humanity: 3,725 speechescrimes against humanity & ethnic cleansing: nPMI 0.43, 395 speeches use bothcrimes against humanity & mass atrocity: nPMI 0.41, 215 speeches use bothcrimes against humanity & extermination: nPMI 0.24, 80 speeches use bothcrimes against humanity & aggression: nPMI 0.37, 91 speeches use bothcrimes against humanity & genocide convention: nPMI 0.35, 74 speeches use bothcrimes against humanity & intent to destroy: fewer than 20 speeches use bothcrimes against humanity & early warning: nPMI 0.18, 122 speeches use bothcrimes against humanity & responsibility to protect: nPMI 0.39, 337 speeches use bothcrimes against humanity & prevention of genocide: nPMI 0.33, 69 speeches use bothcrimes against humanity & incitement: nPMI 0.33, 26 speeches use bothcrimes against humanity & never again: nPMI 0.24, 56 speeches use bothcrimes against humanity & holocaust: nPMI 0.22, 49 speeches use bothcrimes against humanity & commemoration: nPMI 0.33, 64 speeches use bothcrimes against humanity & survivors: nPMI 0.31, 24 speeches use bothcrimes against humanity & denial: nPMI 0.30, 52 speeches use bothcrimes against humanity & glorification: nPMI 0.25, 21 speeches use bothcrimes against humanity & genocidal ideology: fewer than 20 speeches use bothcrimes against humanity & ethnic violence: fewer than 20 speeches use bothcrimes against humanity & impunity: nPMI 0.45, 1,778 speeches use bothcrimes against humanity & icc: nPMI 0.54, 1,386 speeches use bothcrimes against humanity & icj: nPMI 0.20, 250 speeches use bothcrimes against humanity & tribunals: nPMI 0.39, 563 speeches use bothcrimes against humanity & massacre: nPMI 0.28, 352 speeches use bothcrimes against humanity & mass killing: nPMI 0.28, 46 speeches use bothethnic cleansing & genocide: nPMI 0.51, 582 speeches use bothethnic cleansing & atrocity: nPMI 0.36, 352 speeches use bothethnic cleansing & war crimes: nPMI 0.42, 452 speeches use bothethnic cleansing & crimes against humanity: nPMI 0.43, 395 speeches use bothethnic cleansing: 1,280 speechesethnic cleansing & mass atrocity: nPMI 0.29, 52 speeches use bothethnic cleansing & extermination: nPMI 0.34, 63 speeches use bothethnic cleansing & aggression: fewer than 20 speeches use bothethnic cleansing & genocide convention: nPMI 0.30, 25 speeches use bothethnic cleansing & intent to destroy: fewer than 20 speeches use bothethnic cleansing & early warning: nPMI 0.15, 42 speeches use bothethnic cleansing & responsibility to protect: nPMI 0.40, 166 speeches use bothethnic cleansing & prevention of genocide: nPMI 0.33, 31 speeches use bothethnic cleansing & incitement: fewer than 20 speeches use bothethnic cleansing & never again: nPMI 0.26, 27 speeches use bothethnic cleansing & holocaust: nPMI 0.27, 28 speeches use bothethnic cleansing & commemoration: nPMI 0.32, 26 speeches use bothethnic cleansing & survivors: fewer than 20 speeches use bothethnic cleansing & denial: fewer than 20 speeches use bothethnic cleansing & glorification: fewer than 20 speeches use bothethnic cleansing & genocidal ideology: fewer than 20 speeches use bothethnic cleansing & ethnic violence: fewer than 20 speeches use bothethnic cleansing & impunity: nPMI 0.24, 345 speeches use bothethnic cleansing & icc: nPMI 0.22, 170 speeches use bothethnic cleansing & icj: nPMI 0.18, 92 speeches use bothethnic cleansing & tribunals: nPMI 0.32, 188 speeches use bothethnic cleansing & massacre: nPMI 0.32, 191 speeches use bothethnic cleansing & mass killing: nPMI 0.33, 28 speeches use bothmass atrocity & genocide: nPMI 0.45, 283 speeches use bothmass atrocity & atrocity: not drawn (nested)xmass atrocity & war crimes: nPMI 0.36, 209 speeches use bothmass atrocity & crimes against humanity: nPMI 0.41, 215 speeches use bothmass atrocity & ethnic cleansing: nPMI 0.29, 52 speeches use bothmass atrocity: 651 speechesmass atrocity & extermination: fewer than 20 speeches use bothmass atrocity & aggression: fewer than 20 speeches use bothmass atrocity & genocide convention: fewer than 20 speeches use bothmass atrocity & intent to destroy: fewer than 20 speeches use bothmass atrocity & early warning: nPMI 0.29, 61 speeches use bothmass atrocity & responsibility to protect: nPMI 0.47, 143 speeches use bothmass atrocity & prevention of genocide: nPMI 0.54, 63 speeches use bothmass atrocity & incitement: fewer than 20 speeches use bothmass atrocity & never again: nPMI 0.32, 25 speeches use bothmass atrocity & holocaust: fewer than 20 speeches use bothmass atrocity & commemoration: nPMI 0.44, 35 speeches use bothmass atrocity & survivors: fewer than 20 speeches use bothmass atrocity & denial: fewer than 20 speeches use bothmass atrocity & glorification: fewer than 20 speeches use bothmass atrocity & genocidal ideology: fewer than 20 speeches use bothmass atrocity & ethnic violence: fewer than 20 speeches use bothmass atrocity & impunity: nPMI 0.30, 274 speeches use bothmass atrocity & icc: nPMI 0.39, 241 speeches use bothmass atrocity & icj: nPMI 0.23, 69 speeches use bothmass atrocity & tribunals: nPMI 0.28, 90 speeches use bothmass atrocity & massacre: nPMI 0.14, 37 speeches use bothmass atrocity & mass killing: fewer than 20 speeches use bothextermination & genocide: nPMI 0.39, 200 speeches use bothextermination & atrocity: nPMI 0.28, 129 speeches use bothextermination & war crimes: nPMI 0.19, 71 speeches use bothextermination & crimes against humanity: nPMI 0.24, 80 speeches use bothextermination & ethnic cleansing: nPMI 0.34, 63 speeches use bothextermination & mass atrocity: fewer than 20 speeches use bothextermination: 582 speechesextermination & aggression: fewer than 20 speeches use bothextermination & genocide convention: fewer than 20 speeches use bothextermination & intent to destroy: fewer than 20 speeches use bothextermination & early warning: fewer than 20 speeches use bothextermination & responsibility to protect: fewer than 20 speeches use bothextermination & prevention of genocide: fewer than 20 speeches use bothextermination & incitement: fewer than 20 speeches use bothextermination & never again: fewer than 20 speeches use bothextermination & holocaust: nPMI 0.38, 32 speeches use bothextermination & commemoration: fewer than 20 speeches use bothextermination & survivors: fewer than 20 speeches use bothextermination & denial: fewer than 20 speeches use bothextermination & glorification: fewer than 20 speeches use bothextermination & genocidal ideology: fewer than 20 speeches use bothextermination & ethnic violence: fewer than 20 speeches use bothextermination & impunity: nPMI 0.12, 86 speeches use bothextermination & icc: nPMI 0.05, 25 speeches use bothextermination & icj: nPMI 0.13, 31 speeches use bothextermination & tribunals: nPMI 0.14, 31 speeches use bothextermination & massacre: nPMI 0.43, 190 speeches use bothextermination & mass killing: fewer than 20 speeches use bothaggression & genocide: nPMI 0.32, 75 speeches use bothaggression & atrocity: nPMI 0.26, 59 speeches use bothaggression & war crimes: nPMI 0.38, 115 speeches use bothaggression & crimes against humanity: nPMI 0.37, 91 speeches use bothaggression & ethnic cleansing: fewer than 20 speeches use bothaggression & mass atrocity: fewer than 20 speeches use bothaggression & extermination: fewer than 20 speeches use bothaggression: 249 speechesaggression & genocide convention: fewer than 20 speeches use bothaggression & intent to destroy: fewer than 20 speeches use bothaggression & early warning: fewer than 20 speeches use bothaggression & responsibility to protect: fewer than 20 speeches use bothaggression & prevention of genocide: fewer than 20 speeches use bothaggression & incitement: fewer than 20 speeches use bothaggression & never again: fewer than 20 speeches use bothaggression & holocaust: fewer than 20 speeches use bothaggression & commemoration: fewer than 20 speeches use bothaggression & survivors: fewer than 20 speeches use bothaggression & denial: fewer than 20 speeches use bothaggression & glorification: fewer than 20 speeches use bothaggression & genocidal ideology: fewer than 20 speeches use bothaggression & ethnic violence: fewer than 20 speeches use bothaggression & impunity: nPMI 0.24, 92 speeches use bothaggression & icc: nPMI 0.41, 133 speeches use bothaggression & icj: nPMI 0.30, 51 speeches use bothaggression & tribunals: nPMI 0.27, 39 speeches use bothaggression & massacre: fewer than 20 speeches use bothaggression & mass killing: fewer than 20 speeches use bothgenocide convention & genocide: not drawn (nested)xgenocide convention & atrocity: nPMI 0.32, 80 speeches use bothgenocide convention & war crimes: nPMI 0.32, 76 speeches use bothgenocide convention & crimes against humanity: nPMI 0.35, 74 speeches use bothgenocide convention & ethnic cleansing: nPMI 0.30, 25 speeches use bothgenocide convention & mass atrocity: fewer than 20 speeches use bothgenocide convention & extermination: fewer than 20 speeches use bothgenocide convention & aggression: fewer than 20 speeches use bothgenocide convention: 228 speechesgenocide convention & intent to destroy: fewer than 20 speeches use bothgenocide convention & early warning: fewer than 20 speeches use bothgenocide convention & responsibility to protect: fewer than 20 speeches use bothgenocide convention & prevention of genocide: fewer than 20 speeches use bothgenocide convention & incitement: fewer than 20 speeches use bothgenocide convention & never again: fewer than 20 speeches use bothgenocide convention & holocaust: fewer than 20 speeches use bothgenocide convention & commemoration: nPMI 0.56, 34 speeches use bothgenocide convention & survivors: fewer than 20 speeches use bothgenocide convention & denial: fewer than 20 speeches use bothgenocide convention & glorification: fewer than 20 speeches use bothgenocide convention & genocidal ideology: fewer than 20 speeches use bothgenocide convention & ethnic violence: fewer than 20 speeches use bothgenocide convention & impunity: nPMI 0.22, 77 speeches use bothgenocide convention & icc: nPMI 0.30, 66 speeches use bothgenocide convention & icj: nPMI 0.43, 101 speeches use bothgenocide convention & tribunals: nPMI 0.33, 52 speeches use bothgenocide convention & massacre: nPMI 0.24, 31 speeches use bothgenocide convention & mass killing: fewer than 20 speeches use bothintent to destroy & genocide: not drawn (`intent_to_destroy` is anchored: it is counted only in a sentence that also matches `genocide`)xintent to destroy & atrocity: fewer than 20 speeches use bothintent to destroy & war crimes: fewer than 20 speeches use bothintent to destroy & crimes against humanity: fewer than 20 speeches use bothintent to destroy & ethnic cleansing: fewer than 20 speeches use bothintent to destroy & mass atrocity: fewer than 20 speeches use bothintent to destroy & extermination: fewer than 20 speeches use bothintent to destroy & aggression: fewer than 20 speeches use bothintent to destroy & genocide convention: fewer than 20 speeches use bothintent to destroy: 17 speechesintent to destroy & early warning: fewer than 20 speeches use bothintent to destroy & responsibility to protect: fewer than 20 speeches use bothintent to destroy & prevention of genocide: fewer than 20 speeches use bothintent to destroy & incitement: fewer than 20 speeches use bothintent to destroy & never again: fewer than 20 speeches use bothintent to destroy & holocaust: fewer than 20 speeches use bothintent to destroy & commemoration: fewer than 20 speeches use bothintent to destroy & survivors: fewer than 20 speeches use bothintent to destroy & denial: fewer than 20 speeches use bothintent to destroy & glorification: fewer than 20 speeches use bothintent to destroy & genocidal ideology: fewer than 20 speeches use bothintent to destroy & ethnic violence: fewer than 20 speeches use bothintent to destroy & impunity: fewer than 20 speeches use bothintent to destroy & icc: fewer than 20 speeches use bothintent to destroy & icj: fewer than 20 speeches use bothintent to destroy & tribunals: fewer than 20 speeches use bothintent to destroy & massacre: fewer than 20 speeches use bothintent to destroy & mass killing: fewer than 20 speeches use bothearly warning & genocide: nPMI 0.22, 170 speeches use bothearly warning & atrocity: nPMI 0.19, 173 speeches use bothearly warning & war crimes: nPMI 0.14, 118 speeches use bothearly warning & crimes against humanity: nPMI 0.18, 122 speeches use bothearly warning & ethnic cleansing: nPMI 0.15, 42 speeches use bothearly warning & mass atrocity: nPMI 0.29, 61 speeches use bothearly warning & extermination: fewer than 20 speeches use bothearly warning & aggression: fewer than 20 speeches use bothearly warning & genocide convention: fewer than 20 speeches use bothearly warning & intent to destroy: fewer than 20 speeches use bothearly warning: 1,537 speechesearly warning & responsibility to protect: nPMI 0.32, 125 speeches use bothearly warning & prevention of genocide: nPMI 0.38, 48 speeches use bothearly warning & incitement: fewer than 20 speeches use bothearly warning & never again: fewer than 20 speeches use bothearly warning & holocaust: fewer than 20 speeches use bothearly warning & commemoration: nPMI 0.27, 21 speeches use bothearly warning & survivors: fewer than 20 speeches use bothearly warning & denial: fewer than 20 speeches use bothearly warning & glorification: fewer than 20 speeches use bothearly warning & genocidal ideology: fewer than 20 speeches use bothearly warning & ethnic violence: fewer than 20 speeches use bothearly warning & impunity: nPMI 0.17, 282 speeches use bothearly warning & icc: nPMI 0.23, 203 speeches use bothearly warning & icj: nPMI 0.05, 41 speeches use bothearly warning & tribunals: nPMI 0.09, 52 speeches use bothearly warning & massacre: nPMI 0.00, 27 speeches use bothearly warning & mass killing: fewer than 20 speeches use bothresponsibility to protect & genocide: nPMI 0.38, 346 speeches use bothresponsibility to protect & atrocity: nPMI 0.34, 348 speeches use bothresponsibility to protect & war crimes: nPMI 0.35, 341 speeches use bothresponsibility to protect & crimes against humanity: nPMI 0.39, 337 speeches use bothresponsibility to protect & ethnic cleansing: nPMI 0.40, 166 speeches use bothresponsibility to protect & mass atrocity: nPMI 0.47, 143 speeches use bothresponsibility to protect & extermination: fewer than 20 speeches use bothresponsibility to protect & aggression: fewer than 20 speeches use bothresponsibility to protect & genocide convention: fewer than 20 speeches use bothresponsibility to protect & intent to destroy: fewer than 20 speeches use bothresponsibility to protect & early warning: nPMI 0.32, 125 speeches use bothresponsibility to protect: 1,365 speechesresponsibility to protect & prevention of genocide: nPMI 0.51, 88 speeches use bothresponsibility to protect & incitement: fewer than 20 speeches use bothresponsibility to protect & never again: nPMI 0.21, 20 speeches use bothresponsibility to protect & holocaust: fewer than 20 speeches use bothresponsibility to protect & commemoration: nPMI 0.36, 36 speeches use bothresponsibility to protect & survivors: fewer than 20 speeches use bothresponsibility to protect & denial: fewer than 20 speeches use bothresponsibility to protect & glorification: fewer than 20 speeches use bothresponsibility to protect & genocidal ideology: fewer than 20 speeches use bothresponsibility to protect & ethnic violence: fewer than 20 speeches use bothresponsibility to protect & impunity: nPMI 0.31, 510 speeches use bothresponsibility to protect & icc: nPMI 0.38, 394 speeches use bothresponsibility to protect & icj: nPMI 0.07, 45 speeches use bothresponsibility to protect & tribunals: nPMI 0.15, 69 speeches use bothresponsibility to protect & massacre: nPMI 0.15, 76 speeches use bothresponsibility to protect & mass killing: fewer than 20 speeches use bothprevention of genocide & genocide: not drawn (nested)xprevention of genocide & atrocity: nPMI 0.37, 111 speeches use bothprevention of genocide & war crimes: nPMI 0.30, 71 speeches use bothprevention of genocide & crimes against humanity: nPMI 0.33, 69 speeches use bothprevention of genocide & ethnic cleansing: nPMI 0.33, 31 speeches use bothprevention of genocide & mass atrocity: nPMI 0.54, 63 speeches use bothprevention of genocide & extermination: fewer than 20 speeches use bothprevention of genocide & aggression: fewer than 20 speeches use bothprevention of genocide & genocide convention: fewer than 20 speeches use bothprevention of genocide & intent to destroy: fewer than 20 speeches use bothprevention of genocide & early warning: nPMI 0.38, 48 speeches use bothprevention of genocide & responsibility to protect: nPMI 0.51, 88 speeches use bothprevention of genocide: 233 speechesprevention of genocide & incitement: fewer than 20 speeches use bothprevention of genocide & never again: fewer than 20 speeches use bothprevention of genocide & holocaust: fewer than 20 speeches use bothprevention of genocide & commemoration: nPMI 0.50, 24 speeches use bothprevention of genocide & survivors: fewer than 20 speeches use bothprevention of genocide & denial: fewer than 20 speeches use bothprevention of genocide & glorification: fewer than 20 speeches use bothprevention of genocide & genocidal ideology: fewer than 20 speeches use bothprevention of genocide & ethnic violence: fewer than 20 speeches use bothprevention of genocide & impunity: nPMI 0.26, 96 speeches use bothprevention of genocide & icc: nPMI 0.32, 77 speeches use bothprevention of genocide & icj: fewer than 20 speeches use bothprevention of genocide & tribunals: nPMI 0.27, 36 speeches use bothprevention of genocide & massacre: fewer than 20 speeches use bothprevention of genocide & mass killing: fewer than 20 speeches use bothincitement & genocide: not drawn (`incitement` is anchored: it is counted only in a sentence that also matches `genocide`)xincitement & atrocity: nPMI 0.27, 22 speeches use bothincitement & war crimes: nPMI 0.29, 24 speeches use bothincitement & crimes against humanity: nPMI 0.33, 26 speeches use bothincitement & ethnic cleansing: fewer than 20 speeches use bothincitement & mass atrocity: fewer than 20 speeches use bothincitement & extermination: fewer than 20 speeches use bothincitement & aggression: fewer than 20 speeches use bothincitement & genocide convention: fewer than 20 speeches use bothincitement & intent to destroy: fewer than 20 speeches use bothincitement & early warning: fewer than 20 speeches use bothincitement & responsibility to protect: fewer than 20 speeches use bothincitement & prevention of genocide: fewer than 20 speeches use bothincitement: 62 speechesincitement & never again: fewer than 20 speeches use bothincitement & holocaust: fewer than 20 speeches use bothincitement & commemoration: fewer than 20 speeches use bothincitement & survivors: fewer than 20 speeches use bothincitement & denial: fewer than 20 speeches use bothincitement & glorification: fewer than 20 speeches use bothincitement & genocidal ideology: fewer than 20 speeches use bothincitement & ethnic violence: fewer than 20 speeches use bothincitement & impunity: nPMI 0.25, 32 speeches use bothincitement & icc: fewer than 20 speeches use bothincitement & icj: fewer than 20 speeches use bothincitement & tribunals: fewer than 20 speeches use bothincitement & massacre: fewer than 20 speeches use bothincitement & mass killing: fewer than 20 speeches use bothnever again & genocide: nPMI 0.32, 101 speeches use bothnever again & atrocity: nPMI 0.27, 88 speeches use bothnever again & war crimes: nPMI 0.24, 68 speeches use bothnever again & crimes against humanity: nPMI 0.24, 56 speeches use bothnever again & ethnic cleansing: nPMI 0.26, 27 speeches use bothnever again & mass atrocity: nPMI 0.32, 25 speeches use bothnever again & extermination: fewer than 20 speeches use bothnever again & aggression: fewer than 20 speeches use bothnever again & genocide convention: fewer than 20 speeches use bothnever again & intent to destroy: fewer than 20 speeches use bothnever again & early warning: fewer than 20 speeches use bothnever again & responsibility to protect: nPMI 0.21, 20 speeches use bothnever again & prevention of genocide: fewer than 20 speeches use bothnever again & incitement: fewer than 20 speeches use bothnever again: 371 speechesnever again & holocaust: fewer than 20 speeches use bothnever again & commemoration: nPMI 0.44, 23 speeches use bothnever again & survivors: fewer than 20 speeches use bothnever again & denial: fewer than 20 speeches use bothnever again & glorification: fewer than 20 speeches use bothnever again & genocidal ideology: fewer than 20 speeches use bothnever again & ethnic violence: fewer than 20 speeches use bothnever again & impunity: nPMI 0.18, 87 speeches use bothnever again & icc: nPMI 0.18, 46 speeches use bothnever again & icj: fewer than 20 speeches use bothnever again & tribunals: nPMI 0.22, 37 speeches use bothnever again & massacre: nPMI 0.23, 43 speeches use bothnever again & mass killing: fewer than 20 speeches use bothholocaust & genocide: nPMI 0.36, 117 speeches use bothholocaust & atrocity: nPMI 0.28, 88 speeches use bothholocaust & war crimes: nPMI 0.22, 60 speeches use bothholocaust & crimes against humanity: nPMI 0.22, 49 speeches use bothholocaust & ethnic cleansing: nPMI 0.27, 28 speeches use bothholocaust & mass atrocity: fewer than 20 speeches use bothholocaust & extermination: nPMI 0.38, 32 speeches use bothholocaust & aggression: fewer than 20 speeches use bothholocaust & genocide convention: fewer than 20 speeches use bothholocaust & intent to destroy: fewer than 20 speeches use bothholocaust & early warning: fewer than 20 speeches use bothholocaust & responsibility to protect: fewer than 20 speeches use bothholocaust & prevention of genocide: fewer than 20 speeches use bothholocaust & incitement: fewer than 20 speeches use bothholocaust & never again: fewer than 20 speeches use bothholocaust: 358 speechesholocaust & commemoration: fewer than 20 speeches use bothholocaust & survivors: fewer than 20 speeches use bothholocaust & denial: fewer than 20 speeches use bothholocaust & glorification: fewer than 20 speeches use bothholocaust & genocidal ideology: fewer than 20 speeches use bothholocaust & ethnic violence: fewer than 20 speeches use bothholocaust & impunity: nPMI 0.10, 51 speeches use bothholocaust & icc: nPMI 0.10, 24 speeches use bothholocaust & icj: nPMI 0.19, 34 speeches use bothholocaust & tribunals: fewer than 20 speeches use bothholocaust & massacre: nPMI 0.40, 114 speeches use bothholocaust & mass killing: fewer than 20 speeches use bothcommemoration & genocide: not drawn (`commemoration` is anchored: it is counted only in a sentence that also matches `genocide`)xcommemoration & atrocity: nPMI 0.35, 90 speeches use bothcommemoration & war crimes: nPMI 0.33, 75 speeches use bothcommemoration & crimes against humanity: nPMI 0.33, 64 speeches use bothcommemoration & ethnic cleansing: nPMI 0.32, 26 speeches use bothcommemoration & mass atrocity: nPMI 0.44, 35 speeches use bothcommemoration & extermination: fewer than 20 speeches use bothcommemoration & aggression: fewer than 20 speeches use bothcommemoration & genocide convention: nPMI 0.56, 34 speeches use bothcommemoration & intent to destroy: fewer than 20 speeches use bothcommemoration & early warning: nPMI 0.27, 21 speeches use bothcommemoration & responsibility to protect: nPMI 0.36, 36 speeches use bothcommemoration & prevention of genocide: nPMI 0.50, 24 speeches use bothcommemoration & incitement: fewer than 20 speeches use bothcommemoration & never again: nPMI 0.44, 23 speeches use bothcommemoration & holocaust: fewer than 20 speeches use bothcommemoration: 208 speechescommemoration & survivors: fewer than 20 speeches use bothcommemoration & denial: nPMI 0.62, 44 speeches use bothcommemoration & glorification: fewer than 20 speeches use bothcommemoration & genocidal ideology: fewer than 20 speeches use bothcommemoration & ethnic violence: fewer than 20 speeches use bothcommemoration & impunity: nPMI 0.26, 91 speeches use bothcommemoration & icc: nPMI 0.24, 42 speeches use bothcommemoration & icj: fewer than 20 speeches use bothcommemoration & tribunals: nPMI 0.47, 109 speeches use bothcommemoration & massacre: nPMI 0.26, 32 speeches use bothcommemoration & mass killing: fewer than 20 speeches use bothsurvivors & genocide: not drawn (`survivors` is anchored: it is counted only in a sentence that also matches `genocide`)xsurvivors & atrocity: nPMI 0.26, 22 speeches use bothsurvivors & war crimes: nPMI 0.28, 23 speeches use bothsurvivors & crimes against humanity: nPMI 0.31, 24 speeches use bothsurvivors & ethnic cleansing: fewer than 20 speeches use bothsurvivors & mass atrocity: fewer than 20 speeches use bothsurvivors & extermination: fewer than 20 speeches use bothsurvivors & aggression: fewer than 20 speeches use bothsurvivors & genocide convention: fewer than 20 speeches use bothsurvivors & intent to destroy: fewer than 20 speeches use bothsurvivors & early warning: fewer than 20 speeches use bothsurvivors & responsibility to protect: fewer than 20 speeches use bothsurvivors & prevention of genocide: fewer than 20 speeches use bothsurvivors & incitement: fewer than 20 speeches use bothsurvivors & never again: fewer than 20 speeches use bothsurvivors & holocaust: fewer than 20 speeches use bothsurvivors & commemoration: fewer than 20 speeches use bothsurvivors: 68 speechessurvivors & denial: fewer than 20 speeches use bothsurvivors & glorification: fewer than 20 speeches use bothsurvivors & genocidal ideology: fewer than 20 speeches use bothsurvivors & ethnic violence: fewer than 20 speeches use bothsurvivors & impunity: nPMI 0.25, 35 speeches use bothsurvivors & icc: fewer than 20 speeches use bothsurvivors & icj: fewer than 20 speeches use bothsurvivors & tribunals: nPMI 0.44, 42 speeches use bothsurvivors & massacre: fewer than 20 speeches use bothsurvivors & mass killing: fewer than 20 speeches use bothdenial & genocide: not drawn (`denial` is anchored: it is counted only in a sentence that also matches `genocide`)xdenial & atrocity: nPMI 0.30, 69 speeches use bothdenial & war crimes: nPMI 0.34, 84 speeches use bothdenial & crimes against humanity: nPMI 0.30, 52 speeches use bothdenial & ethnic cleansing: fewer than 20 speeches use bothdenial & mass atrocity: fewer than 20 speeches use bothdenial & extermination: fewer than 20 speeches use bothdenial & aggression: fewer than 20 speeches use bothdenial & genocide convention: fewer than 20 speeches use bothdenial & intent to destroy: fewer than 20 speeches use bothdenial & early warning: fewer than 20 speeches use bothdenial & responsibility to protect: fewer than 20 speeches use bothdenial & prevention of genocide: fewer than 20 speeches use bothdenial & incitement: fewer than 20 speeches use bothdenial & never again: fewer than 20 speeches use bothdenial & holocaust: fewer than 20 speeches use bothdenial & commemoration: nPMI 0.62, 44 speeches use bothdenial & survivors: fewer than 20 speeches use bothdenial: 213 speechesdenial & glorification: nPMI 0.87, 89 speeches use bothdenial & genocidal ideology: fewer than 20 speeches use bothdenial & ethnic violence: fewer than 20 speeches use bothdenial & impunity: nPMI 0.23, 78 speeches use bothdenial & icc: fewer than 20 speeches use bothdenial & icj: nPMI 0.22, 26 speeches use bothdenial & tribunals: nPMI 0.51, 134 speeches use bothdenial & massacre: fewer than 20 speeches use bothdenial & mass killing: fewer than 20 speeches use bothglorification & genocide: not drawn (`glorification` is anchored: it is counted only in a sentence that also matches `genocide`)xglorification & atrocity: nPMI 0.25, 27 speeches use bothglorification & war crimes: nPMI 0.33, 43 speeches use bothglorification & crimes against humanity: nPMI 0.25, 21 speeches use bothglorification & ethnic cleansing: fewer than 20 speeches use bothglorification & mass atrocity: fewer than 20 speeches use bothglorification & extermination: fewer than 20 speeches use bothglorification & aggression: fewer than 20 speeches use bothglorification & genocide convention: fewer than 20 speeches use bothglorification & intent to destroy: fewer than 20 speeches use bothglorification & early warning: fewer than 20 speeches use bothglorification & responsibility to protect: fewer than 20 speeches use bothglorification & prevention of genocide: fewer than 20 speeches use bothglorification & incitement: fewer than 20 speeches use bothglorification & never again: fewer than 20 speeches use bothglorification & holocaust: fewer than 20 speeches use bothglorification & commemoration: fewer than 20 speeches use bothglorification & survivors: fewer than 20 speeches use bothglorification & denial: nPMI 0.87, 89 speeches use bothglorification: 97 speechesglorification & genocidal ideology: fewer than 20 speeches use bothglorification & ethnic violence: fewer than 20 speeches use bothglorification & impunity: nPMI 0.22, 38 speeches use bothglorification & icc: fewer than 20 speeches use bothglorification & icj: fewer than 20 speeches use bothglorification & tribunals: nPMI 0.45, 56 speeches use bothglorification & massacre: fewer than 20 speeches use bothglorification & mass killing: fewer than 20 speeches use bothgenocidal ideology & genocide: not drawn (nested)xgenocidal ideology & atrocity: fewer than 20 speeches use bothgenocidal ideology & war crimes: fewer than 20 speeches use bothgenocidal ideology & crimes against humanity: fewer than 20 speeches use bothgenocidal ideology & ethnic cleansing: fewer than 20 speeches use bothgenocidal ideology & mass atrocity: fewer than 20 speeches use bothgenocidal ideology & extermination: fewer than 20 speeches use bothgenocidal ideology & aggression: fewer than 20 speeches use bothgenocidal ideology & genocide convention: fewer than 20 speeches use bothgenocidal ideology & intent to destroy: fewer than 20 speeches use bothgenocidal ideology & early warning: fewer than 20 speeches use bothgenocidal ideology & responsibility to protect: fewer than 20 speeches use bothgenocidal ideology & prevention of genocide: fewer than 20 speeches use bothgenocidal ideology & incitement: fewer than 20 speeches use bothgenocidal ideology & never again: fewer than 20 speeches use bothgenocidal ideology & holocaust: fewer than 20 speeches use bothgenocidal ideology & commemoration: fewer than 20 speeches use bothgenocidal ideology & survivors: fewer than 20 speeches use bothgenocidal ideology & denial: fewer than 20 speeches use bothgenocidal ideology & glorification: fewer than 20 speeches use bothgenocidal ideology: 37 speechesgenocidal ideology & ethnic violence: fewer than 20 speeches use bothgenocidal ideology & impunity: fewer than 20 speeches use bothgenocidal ideology & icc: fewer than 20 speeches use bothgenocidal ideology & icj: fewer than 20 speeches use bothgenocidal ideology & tribunals: fewer than 20 speeches use bothgenocidal ideology & massacre: fewer than 20 speeches use bothgenocidal ideology & mass killing: fewer than 20 speeches use bothethnic violence & genocide: not drawn (`ethnic_violence` is anchored: it is counted only in a sentence that also matches `genocide`)xethnic violence & atrocity: fewer than 20 speeches use bothethnic violence & war crimes: fewer than 20 speeches use bothethnic violence & crimes against humanity: fewer than 20 speeches use bothethnic violence & ethnic cleansing: fewer than 20 speeches use bothethnic violence & mass atrocity: fewer than 20 speeches use bothethnic violence & extermination: fewer than 20 speeches use bothethnic violence & aggression: fewer than 20 speeches use bothethnic violence & genocide convention: fewer than 20 speeches use bothethnic violence & intent to destroy: fewer than 20 speeches use bothethnic violence & early warning: fewer than 20 speeches use bothethnic violence & responsibility to protect: fewer than 20 speeches use bothethnic violence & prevention of genocide: fewer than 20 speeches use bothethnic violence & incitement: fewer than 20 speeches use bothethnic violence & never again: fewer than 20 speeches use bothethnic violence & holocaust: fewer than 20 speeches use bothethnic violence & commemoration: fewer than 20 speeches use bothethnic violence & survivors: fewer than 20 speeches use bothethnic violence & denial: fewer than 20 speeches use bothethnic violence & glorification: fewer than 20 speeches use bothethnic violence & genocidal ideology: fewer than 20 speeches use bothethnic violence: 16 speechesethnic violence & impunity: fewer than 20 speeches use bothethnic violence & icc: fewer than 20 speeches use bothethnic violence & icj: fewer than 20 speeches use bothethnic violence & tribunals: fewer than 20 speeches use bothethnic violence & massacre: fewer than 20 speeches use bothethnic violence & mass killing: fewer than 20 speeches use bothimpunity & genocide: nPMI 0.38, 1,501 speeches use bothimpunity & atrocity: nPMI 0.38, 1,790 speeches use bothimpunity & war crimes: nPMI 0.45, 2,125 speeches use bothimpunity & crimes against humanity: nPMI 0.45, 1,778 speeches use bothimpunity & ethnic cleansing: nPMI 0.24, 345 speeches use bothimpunity & mass atrocity: nPMI 0.30, 274 speeches use bothimpunity & extermination: nPMI 0.12, 86 speeches use bothimpunity & aggression: nPMI 0.24, 92 speeches use bothimpunity & genocide convention: nPMI 0.22, 77 speeches use bothimpunity & intent to destroy: fewer than 20 speeches use bothimpunity & early warning: nPMI 0.17, 282 speeches use bothimpunity & responsibility to protect: nPMI 0.31, 510 speeches use bothimpunity & prevention of genocide: nPMI 0.26, 96 speeches use bothimpunity & incitement: nPMI 0.25, 32 speeches use bothimpunity & never again: nPMI 0.18, 87 speeches use bothimpunity & holocaust: nPMI 0.10, 51 speeches use bothimpunity & commemoration: nPMI 0.26, 91 speeches use bothimpunity & survivors: nPMI 0.25, 35 speeches use bothimpunity & denial: nPMI 0.23, 78 speeches use bothimpunity & glorification: nPMI 0.22, 38 speeches use bothimpunity & genocidal ideology: fewer than 20 speeches use bothimpunity & ethnic violence: fewer than 20 speeches use bothimpunity: 10,260 speechesimpunity & icc: nPMI 0.55, 2,762 speeches use bothimpunity & icj: nPMI 0.17, 493 speeches use bothimpunity & tribunals: nPMI 0.38, 1,112 speeches use bothimpunity & massacre: nPMI 0.20, 547 speeches use bothimpunity & mass killing: nPMI 0.21, 63 speeches use bothicc & genocide: nPMI 0.39, 910 speeches use bothicc & atrocity: nPMI 0.41, 1,144 speeches use bothicc & war crimes: nPMI 0.52, 1,587 speeches use bothicc & crimes against humanity: nPMI 0.54, 1,386 speeches use bothicc & ethnic cleansing: nPMI 0.22, 170 speeches use bothicc & mass atrocity: nPMI 0.39, 241 speeches use bothicc & extermination: nPMI 0.05, 25 speeches use bothicc & aggression: nPMI 0.41, 133 speeches use bothicc & genocide convention: nPMI 0.30, 66 speeches use bothicc & intent to destroy: fewer than 20 speeches use bothicc & early warning: nPMI 0.23, 203 speeches use bothicc & responsibility to protect: nPMI 0.38, 394 speeches use bothicc & prevention of genocide: nPMI 0.32, 77 speeches use bothicc & incitement: fewer than 20 speeches use bothicc & never again: nPMI 0.18, 46 speeches use bothicc & holocaust: nPMI 0.10, 24 speeches use bothicc & commemoration: nPMI 0.24, 42 speeches use bothicc & survivors: fewer than 20 speeches use bothicc & denial: fewer than 20 speeches use bothicc & glorification: fewer than 20 speeches use bothicc & genocidal ideology: fewer than 20 speeches use bothicc & ethnic violence: fewer than 20 speeches use bothicc & impunity: nPMI 0.55, 2,762 speeches use bothicc: 4,794 speechesicc & icj: nPMI 0.25, 388 speeches use bothicc & tribunals: nPMI 0.36, 599 speeches use bothicc & massacre: nPMI 0.11, 172 speeches use bothicc & mass killing: nPMI 0.17, 25 speeches use bothicj & genocide: nPMI 0.27, 389 speeches use bothicj & atrocity: nPMI 0.20, 326 speeches use bothicj & war crimes: nPMI 0.22, 350 speeches use bothicj & crimes against humanity: nPMI 0.20, 250 speeches use bothicj & ethnic cleansing: nPMI 0.18, 92 speeches use bothicj & mass atrocity: nPMI 0.23, 69 speeches use bothicj & extermination: nPMI 0.13, 31 speeches use bothicj & aggression: nPMI 0.30, 51 speeches use bothicj & genocide convention: nPMI 0.43, 101 speeches use bothicj & intent to destroy: fewer than 20 speeches use bothicj & early warning: nPMI 0.05, 41 speeches use bothicj & responsibility to protect: nPMI 0.07, 45 speeches use bothicj & prevention of genocide: fewer than 20 speeches use bothicj & incitement: fewer than 20 speeches use bothicj & never again: fewer than 20 speeches use bothicj & holocaust: nPMI 0.19, 34 speeches use bothicj & commemoration: fewer than 20 speeches use bothicj & survivors: fewer than 20 speeches use bothicj & denial: nPMI 0.22, 26 speeches use bothicj & glorification: fewer than 20 speeches use bothicj & genocidal ideology: fewer than 20 speeches use bothicj & ethnic violence: fewer than 20 speeches use bothicj & impunity: nPMI 0.17, 493 speeches use bothicj & icc: nPMI 0.25, 388 speeches use bothicj: 3,044 speechesicj & tribunals: nPMI 0.19, 180 speeches use bothicj & massacre: nPMI 0.17, 172 speeches use bothicj & mass killing: fewer than 20 speeches use bothtribunals & genocide: nPMI 0.47, 831 speeches use bothtribunals & atrocity: nPMI 0.31, 499 speeches use bothtribunals & war crimes: nPMI 0.45, 842 speeches use bothtribunals & crimes against humanity: nPMI 0.39, 563 speeches use bothtribunals & ethnic cleansing: nPMI 0.32, 188 speeches use bothtribunals & mass atrocity: nPMI 0.28, 90 speeches use bothtribunals & extermination: nPMI 0.14, 31 speeches use bothtribunals & aggression: nPMI 0.27, 39 speeches use bothtribunals & genocide convention: nPMI 0.33, 52 speeches use bothtribunals & intent to destroy: fewer than 20 speeches use bothtribunals & early warning: nPMI 0.09, 52 speeches use bothtribunals & responsibility to protect: nPMI 0.15, 69 speeches use bothtribunals & prevention of genocide: nPMI 0.27, 36 speeches use bothtribunals & incitement: fewer than 20 speeches use bothtribunals & never again: nPMI 0.22, 37 speeches use bothtribunals & holocaust: fewer than 20 speeches use bothtribunals & commemoration: nPMI 0.47, 109 speeches use bothtribunals & survivors: nPMI 0.44, 42 speeches use bothtribunals & denial: nPMI 0.51, 134 speeches use bothtribunals & glorification: nPMI 0.45, 56 speeches use bothtribunals & genocidal ideology: fewer than 20 speeches use bothtribunals & ethnic violence: fewer than 20 speeches use bothtribunals & impunity: nPMI 0.38, 1,112 speeches use bothtribunals & icc: nPMI 0.36, 599 speeches use bothtribunals & icj: nPMI 0.19, 180 speeches use bothtribunals: 2,726 speechestribunals & massacre: nPMI 0.16, 140 speeches use bothtribunals & mass killing: fewer than 20 speeches use bothmassacre & genocide: nPMI 0.40, 639 speeches use bothmassacre & atrocity: nPMI 0.36, 638 speeches use bothmassacre & war crimes: nPMI 0.25, 371 speeches use bothmassacre & crimes against humanity: nPMI 0.28, 352 speeches use bothmassacre & ethnic cleansing: nPMI 0.32, 191 speeches use bothmassacre & mass atrocity: nPMI 0.14, 37 speeches use bothmassacre & extermination: nPMI 0.43, 190 speeches use bothmassacre & aggression: fewer than 20 speeches use bothmassacre & genocide convention: nPMI 0.24, 31 speeches use bothmassacre & intent to destroy: fewer than 20 speeches use bothmassacre & early warning: nPMI 0.00, 27 speeches use bothmassacre & responsibility to protect: nPMI 0.15, 76 speeches use bothmassacre & prevention of genocide: fewer than 20 speeches use bothmassacre & incitement: fewer than 20 speeches use bothmassacre & never again: nPMI 0.23, 43 speeches use bothmassacre & holocaust: nPMI 0.40, 114 speeches use bothmassacre & commemoration: nPMI 0.26, 32 speeches use bothmassacre & survivors: fewer than 20 speeches use bothmassacre & denial: fewer than 20 speeches use bothmassacre & glorification: fewer than 20 speeches use bothmassacre & genocidal ideology: fewer than 20 speeches use bothmassacre & ethnic violence: fewer than 20 speeches use bothmassacre & impunity: nPMI 0.20, 547 speeches use bothmassacre & icc: nPMI 0.11, 172 speeches use bothmassacre & icj: nPMI 0.17, 172 speeches use bothmassacre & tribunals: nPMI 0.16, 140 speeches use bothmassacre: 2,870 speechesmassacre & mass killing: nPMI 0.34, 55 speeches use bothmass killing & genocide: nPMI 0.30, 57 speeches use bothmass killing & atrocity: nPMI 0.33, 80 speeches use bothmass killing & war crimes: nPMI 0.27, 53 speeches use bothmass killing & crimes against humanity: nPMI 0.28, 46 speeches use bothmass killing & ethnic cleansing: nPMI 0.33, 28 speeches use bothmass killing & mass atrocity: fewer than 20 speeches use bothmass killing & extermination: fewer than 20 speeches use bothmass killing & aggression: fewer than 20 speeches use bothmass killing & genocide convention: fewer than 20 speeches use bothmass killing & intent to destroy: fewer than 20 speeches use bothmass killing & early warning: fewer than 20 speeches use bothmass killing & responsibility to protect: fewer than 20 speeches use bothmass killing & prevention of genocide: fewer than 20 speeches use bothmass killing & incitement: fewer than 20 speeches use bothmass killing & never again: fewer than 20 speeches use bothmass killing & holocaust: fewer than 20 speeches use bothmass killing & commemoration: fewer than 20 speeches use bothmass killing & survivors: fewer than 20 speeches use bothmass killing & denial: fewer than 20 speeches use bothmass killing & glorification: fewer than 20 speeches use bothmass killing & genocidal ideology: fewer than 20 speeches use bothmass killing & ethnic violence: fewer than 20 speeches use bothmass killing & impunity: nPMI 0.21, 63 speeches use bothmass killing & icc: nPMI 0.17, 25 speeches use bothmass killing & icj: fewer than 20 speeches use bothmass killing & tribunals: fewer than 20 speeches use bothmass killing & massacre: nPMI 0.34, 55 speeches use bothmass killing: 204 speeches
View the strongest term associations as a table
SourceTargetShared speechesnPMI
denialglorification890.87
crimes against humanitywar crimes2,4470.74
commemorationdenial440.62
genocidecrimes against humanity1,6180.62
genocidewar crimes1,6480.57
genocide conventioncommemoration340.56
impunityicc2,7620.55
mass atrocityprevention of genocide630.54
crimes against humanityicc1,3860.54
war crimesicc1,5870.52
genocideethnic cleansing5820.51
denialtribunals1340.51
responsibility to protectprevention of genocide880.51
prevention of genocidecommemoration240.50
genocidetribunals8310.47
commemorationtribunals1090.47
mass atrocityresponsibility to protect1430.47
war crimesimpunity2,1250.45
crimes against humanityimpunity1,7780.45
genocidemass atrocity2830.45
war crimestribunals8420.45
glorificationtribunals560.45
mass atrocitycommemoration350.44
never againcommemoration230.44
survivorstribunals420.44
genocideatrocity1,1260.44
ethnic cleansingcrimes against humanity3950.43
exterminationmassacre1900.43
genocide conventionicj1010.43
ethnic cleansingwar crimes4520.42
Source

05_lexical.py → lexical/network.json

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The Concordance lets you inspect matching passages and open their full speeches. Its search covers the displayed context around each match, so a linked word elsewhere in a long speech may not appear in the results.

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